BNP is a hormone secreted by the ventricles of the heart in response to increased pressure or volume overload. It is a member of the natriuretic peptide family, which also includes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). BNP promotes natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation, leading to decreased blood volume and blood pressure.
BNP is an important biomarker for heart failure. Elevated levels of BNP are associated with increased risk of death and hospitalization in patients with heart failure. BNP is also used to guide treatment decisions in patients with heart failure. For example, patients with elevated BNP levels may be treated with diuretics or vasodilators to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.